That finding has led many to claim that the human visual system is most sensitive in detecting contrast differences occurring at 4 cycles per degree. Bleach bypass destroys contrast in both the darkest and brightest parts of an image while enhancing luminance contrast in areas of intermediate brightness.Īccording to Campbell and Robson (1968), the human contrast sensitivity function shows a typical band-pass filter shape peaking at around 4 cycles per degree, with sensitivity dropping off either side of the peak. Brightening an image will increase contrast in dark areas but decrease contrast in bright areas, while darkening the image will have the opposite effect. Images with a contrast ratio close to their medium's maximum possible contrast ratio experience a conservation of contrast, wherein any increase in contrast in some parts of the image must necessarily result in a decrease in contrast elsewhere. The maximum contrast of an image is the contrast ratio or dynamic range. The human visual system is more sensitive to contrast than absolute luminance we can perceive the world similarly regardless of the huge changes in illumination over the day or from place to place. In visual perception of the real world, contrast is determined by the difference in the colour and brightness of the object and other objects within the same field of view. If it stretches the truth, it’s fiction.The amount of contrast in six versions of a rocky shore photo increases clockwise.Ĭontrast is the contradiction in luminance or colour that makes an object (or its representation in an image or display) distinguishable.
The goal is to make nonfiction stories read like fiction so that your readers are as enthralled by fact as they are by fantasy.”Īlthough it’s sometimes hard to tell the difference between fiction and nonfiction, especially in the hands of a skilled author, just remember this: If it reports the truth, it’s nonfiction. “Refers to the use of literary craft, the techniques fiction writers, playwrights, and poets employ to present nonfiction-factually accurate prose about real people and events-in a compelling, vivid, dramatic manner. In his article “ What Is Creative Nonfiction?” Lee Gutkind, the creator of Creative Nonfictionmagazine, says the term: This has given rise to a new trend called creative nonfiction, which uses the techniques of fiction to report on true events.
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“And certainly the resurgence of the so-called true-crime documentaries, both on TV and radio, use similar techniques.” “The so-called New Journalists, of Thompson’s and Wolfe’s and Didion’s day, used the same techniques ,” Salvatore says. However, this has led to questions about the veracity of his account. In Cold Bloodis widely regarded as one of the best works of nonfiction to significantly blur the line between fiction and nonfiction, since Capote’s descriptions and detailing of events are so rich and evocative. However, nonfiction often uses many of the techniques of fiction to make it more appealing.
A few smatterings of fact in a work of fiction does not make it true, while a few fabrications in a nonfiction work can force that story to lose all credibility.Īn example is when James Frey, author of A Million Little Pieces, was kicked out of Oprah’s Book Club in 2006 when it came to light that he had fabricated most of his memoir. Usually, nonfiction has a higher standard to uphold than fiction. Histories, biographies, journalism, and essays are all considered nonfiction. Nonfiction, by contrast, is factual and reports on true events. “The use of rich, evocative sensory detail the different pacing tempos of dramatic and non-dramatic events the juxtaposition of summarized narrative and dramatized scenes the temporary delay and withholding of story information, to heighten suspense and complicate plot the use of different points of view to narrate, including stark objective effacement and deep subjective interiority and the stylized use of language to narrate events and render human consciousness.” What Is Nonfiction? Salvatore says that some examples of these components are: Fiction often uses specific narrative techniques to heighten its impact.
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